This topic looks at what a solution is and different types of mixtures then covers different techniques for separating different mixtures
Success criteria - can you…
Identify a solution |
Describe solutions |
Plan and carry out a fair-test investigation to test predictions, including identifying independent, dependent and control variables |
Present observations and data using tables and graphs |
Interpret observations and data, including identifying patterns to draw conclusions |
Explain what a saturated solution is |
Explain how filtration works |
Explain how evaporation works |
Explain how distillation works |
Carry out chromatography |
Explain what a pure substance is |
Explain how to identify a pure substance |
Skill: Plot a graph and draw a line of best fit |
Key words
Word |
Meaning |
Mixture |
Two or more substances mixed that can be easily separated and are not bonded |
Pure |
A substance that does not have anything else in it |
Dissolving |
When a solute mixes with a solvent to make a solution |
Soluble |
A solid that can dissolve in a liquid |
Insoluble |
A solid that that can’t dissolve |
Solute |
The solid that has dissolved in a liquid to make a solution |
Solvent |
The liquid that has dissolved a solid to make a solution |
Solution |
Mixture made when a solute dissolve in a solvent |
Transparent |
Another word for see-through |
Opaque |
Cloudy, can’t see through |
Saturated |
A solution that contains as much dissolved solid as it possibly can |
Solubility |
The amount of a solid that will dissolve in 100g of a liquid |
Separate |
To move apart |
Brine |
A solution of sodium chloride (common salt) and water |
Filtration |
Separates insoluble substances from a solvent |
Evaporation |
Separates soluble substances from a solvent |
Crystallisation |
Crystals of a solute form when a solvent evaporates |
Distillation |
Separates a liquid from a solution by evaporating the liquid and then condensing it |
Chromatogram |
The dried piece of paper produced by chromatography. |
Chromatography |
Separates dissolved solids from one another – often coloured |
Here is a scan of the notes from your books