This topic looks at what a solution is and different types of mixtures then covers different techniques for separating different mixtures
Success criteria - can you…
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Identify a solution |
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Describe solutions |
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Plan and carry out a fair-test investigation to test predictions, including identifying independent, dependent and control variables |
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Present observations and data using tables and graphs |
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Interpret observations and data, including identifying patterns to draw conclusions |
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Explain what a saturated solution is |
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Explain how filtration works |
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Explain how evaporation works |
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Explain how distillation works |
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Carry out chromatography |
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Explain what a pure substance is |
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Explain how to identify a pure substance |
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Skill: Plot a graph and draw a line of best fit |
Key words
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Word |
Meaning |
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Mixture |
Two or more substances mixed that can be easily separated and are not bonded |
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Pure |
A substance that does not have anything else in it |
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Dissolving |
When a solute mixes with a solvent to make a solution |
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Soluble |
A solid that can dissolve in a liquid |
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Insoluble |
A solid that that can’t dissolve |
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Solute |
The solid that has dissolved in a liquid to make a solution |
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Solvent |
The liquid that has dissolved a solid to make a solution |
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Solution |
Mixture made when a solute dissolve in a solvent |
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Transparent |
Another word for see-through |
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Opaque |
Cloudy, can’t see through |
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Saturated |
A solution that contains as much dissolved solid as it possibly can |
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Solubility |
The amount of a solid that will dissolve in 100g of a liquid |
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Separate |
To move apart |
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Brine |
A solution of sodium chloride (common salt) and water |
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Filtration |
Separates insoluble substances from a solvent |
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Evaporation |
Separates soluble substances from a solvent |
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Crystallisation |
Crystals of a solute form when a solvent evaporates |
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Distillation |
Separates a liquid from a solution by evaporating the liquid and then condensing it |
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Chromatogram |
The dried piece of paper produced by chromatography. |
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Chromatography |
Separates dissolved solids from one another – often coloured |
Here is a scan of the notes from your books